Device for doweling transverse joints of concrete road pavements



May 30, I A. MUSALL I DEVICE FOR DCWELLING' TRANSVERsE JOINTS 0F CONCRETE ROAD PAVEMENTS Filed March 25, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet. l

May 30, 1944. A. USAI... 2,349,983

DEVICE FOR DOWELLING TRANSVERSE JOINTS 0F CONCRETE ROAD PAVEMENTS Filed Mardh 25, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 30, 1944 UNITED STATE DEVICE FOR- DOWELING TRANSVERSE JOINTS OF-CONCRETE ROAD PAVEMENTS Alexander Musall, Berlin, Germany; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application March 25, 1941, Serial No. 385,177 In Germany June 5, 1939 I Claims.

The invention relates to improvements in means for doweling transverse joints of concrete road pavements involving a metal plate resting perpendicularly on the formation level. In concrete road pavements it is usual to arrange between each pair of spaced joints two apparent or pressing joints, which require doweling the same as the spaced joints, so that the vertical transverse forces exerted between any two adjoining plates of a concrete pavement may be taken by the dowels, which in the apparent or pressing joints as well as in the spaced joints, are capable of yielding to the contractions and expansions or to the subsequent expansions of the plates of concrete pavements.

The object of the invention is to construct a dowelingdevice which, apart from doweling the plates of the pavement, is adapted to form a permanent joint, requiring a small quantity of material and being simple to install, and in which the same principal elements may be used for the apparent and pressing joints as well as for the spaced joints. Accordingly, the invention principally consists in a doweling device composed of a metal plate, which is placed vertically upon the formation level, and which, in its top portion, is provided with flaps formed by vertical incisions, these flaps being bent at the top alternately to the left write the right so as to form horizontal anchoring plates. In this shape, the device is adapted-to form apparent and pressing joints, the vertical transverse forces between two adjacent concrete plates being taken by the lower portion of the vertically standing metal plate, whereas the upper flaps of this plate are yielding, owing to the incisions and the anchoring in the concrete, to" any contractions and subsequent expansions of' the concrete plates.

- "The same device may also be used for forming spaced joints, in which case, however, there is provided, parallel to the vertical metal plate, according-to the width of the spaced joint, a thinner metal plate serving as a casing and extendingfrom the bottom up to the horizontal portions of the flaps, and being attached at its upper edge to the bent flap portions at one side of the vertical plate. Those of the lower flap portions which are bent towards this side of the metal plate, are covered on the opposite side of the plate, in the vertical position of these lower flap portions, with slanting thinner metal plates, whereas,in.aninclined position of these lower portions, they are covered with thinner metal plates disposed parallel to'the vertical plate.

-- Several illustrative-examples of the subject of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view ofa doweling device for apparent and pressing joints; Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse vertical cross section of the device according to Fig. 1 with a removable upper pulling iron;

Fig. 3 is a similar cross section with a covering device remaining in the concrete;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of a doweling device for spaced joints; a Figs. 5 and 6 are cross sections taken on the lines IIII and IIIIII of Fig. 4; l r

Fig. '7 is a somewhat modified cross section of the device according to Fig. 4 with an upper cov ering device for concrete pavements consisting of two layers; and l a Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary cross section of the top portion of the doweling device accord ingtoFig.6. I

The doweling device shown in Figs. 1 to 3 consists of a vertical metal plate I extending across the entire width of the concrete pavement blocks and provided with legs 2 placed upon the formation level. Out of the legs 2, which areproduced by bending from the vertical plate I, there may be stamped additional flaps 2a, bent up and serving as additional anchoring means. The upper part of the vertical metal plate I is formedwith stampings or incisions 3 perpendicular to' the formation level, so as to define form flaps 4 above the uninterrupted lower part Ia. These fiapsl are bent intermediate their height alternately to the left and to'the right in horizontal planes, and these bent ofi flap portions 4a and 411' are embeddedin the concrete and serve as anchoring plates. In order to prevent these anchoring plates 4a and 41) from being drawn out in case of contractions of the'concrete'pavement blocks, the free edges of the-anchor plates are bent downwardly. Furthermore, the horizontal anchor plates are provided with stamped out openings 6 so as to permitthe concrete, whilebeing deposited, to fall through these openingsand fill the spaces below the anchor plates 4a and 4b.

The device described above will readily serve to produce apparent joints. For this purpose it is only necessary to make incisions in thecon crete layer of the pavement above the anchor plates 4a and 4b in the direction of the metal plate I so that, when contractions take place, the concrete will tear only in the line above the metal plate]. When using the device in pressing joints, where the pavement blocks meeting at the joint are it is pulled out again. The; remaining hollow space is then filled up with any known type of filling material. In the construction according to Fig. 3, there is provided a covering body which remains in the concrete. This covering body This pulling iron is slipped onto the strips 5, and after the setting of the concrete,-

plate I according to the expansions of the concrete plates and according to the width of the joint, as indicated by dotted lines. For this purpose, it is best to use one single metal sheet I6 extending over the entire length of the doweling plate.

In order to save iron and to reduce the weight, themetal sheet I I maybe omitted, in which case an elastic yielding substance of the width of the joint is connected with the doweling plate I. For

' this purpose, there may be used, for example, a

consists of a metal sheet II] which is folde in such a manner that it may be slipped over the strips 5. The parallel walls of this metal sheet II) are provided on the outside with small anchoring flaps I2. In the space between the parallel walls there is placed an elastic insertion I3, of for example, corrugated cardboard or the like. The space above this insert may then be filled with a grouting substance. Upon contraction of the concrete blocks, the parallel walls of the covering body will yield to the surfaces of the adjoining concrete pavement blocks. The vertical transverse forces are transferred between two adjacent concrete pavement blocks via the flaps 4 upon the lower uninterrupted portion Ia of the meta plate I and are taken up by the latter.

, In order that the doweling plate I, whose lower uninterrupted portion takes the vertical transverse forces between the concrete blocks, may also be used for spaced transverse joints, the lower portions 4d of the flaps, whose upper portions 4b referred to herein as anchor plates, are on the right, in Figs. 4 to 6, are disposed at an angle to the lower portion 40, whose upper portions or;anchor plates 40. are on the left, so

that the width of the aperture of the angle is equal to the required width of the spaced joint. In the corner of the angle of the anchor plates 41) there is attached a thin metal sheet I4 which, for example, may be welded on. This metal sheet I I, which serves as a casing, has its lower edge spot-welded at I5 to the flap 2a of the leg 2 in such a manner that the attachment at I5will resist the pressure during the ramming of the pavement blocks, but will tear when the concrete, pavement blocks expand in consequence of heat influences. -The thin metal sheet I4 lie-s parallel to the doweling plate I and to the flap portions 40 and at a distance from the doweling plate I equal to the width of the joint.

The metal sheet I4 forms one of the walls of the transverse spacedjoint, the other wall of the joint being formed by the doweling plate I, the flaps-4c and thin metal sheets I6. These metal sheets I6 coverthe openings, which are produced inbending ofi the flap .portions Id, from the plane of the doweling plate I, the metal sheets It being attached, for example by welding, t0 the doweling plate I opposite the metal sheet I4. Instead of individual metalsheets I6, there may be used one single'thin metal sheet extending over the entire length of the doweling plate I. i As shown in Fig. 7, the lower flap portions 40 and 4d may also be in the same plane as the doweling plate v I. In this case, the metal sheets I6 must be attached at an angle in such a manner that the flap portions 4d may move into the space b t e nt m t she s "i, a d e d w n .somewhatcompressed fibre material, layers of corrugated" cardboard, or the like. These materials are merely required to resist or to but slightly yield toth'eramming pressure when the concrete blocks are being formed, whereas they .must be compressible by the pressure arising at the adjacent ends of the concrete blocks caused by expansions of the latter, to an extent required by such expansions. If desired, the metal sheets I6 may be replaced by cardboard, corrugated cardboard, or the like- The elastic materials or the cardboard, etc., used instead of the metal sheets I4 and I6, may be attached, for example, by gluing, or by means of wire loops, or in any other suitable manner.

If ramming of the pavement in two layers of concrete blocks is involved, it is advantageous to shape themetal sheets I4 and I6 so that they have extensions I 4c and Ilia passing upwardly between each pair of anchor plates 40. an 41) (Figs. 5 and. 6), or to place weakangle irons I! and I8 on the anchor plates 4a and 4b, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. When ramming the bottom layer, there is inserted between these angle irons or said extensions a cover, which is removed after the lower concrete layerhas set. When the lower concrete layer is ready, these flaps Ida, I 60 and I1, I 3 serve as supports for a pulling iron, which is placed between the flaps and whose height is equal to the thickness of the upper concrete layer. The pulling iron is removed after the concrete has set,- and the remaining hollow space is filled with a grouting material. In order to save grouting material and to prevent foreign bodies irom entering the actual doweling, there may be used, instead of the pulling iron, a sheet metal device according to Fig. '7 at the top, forming a permanent part of the joint and consisting of a metal plate folded three times so as to form four parallel walls, the two inner uninterrupted walls being spaced from each other at a distance corresponding to the width of the joint and having a roof-like connection 2|, whereas the two outer walls It and 26, leaning against the inner walls, form the joints and are provide with stamped out anchoring flaps22 whichare bent off at right angles. This construction results in such an elastic connection that the walls of .this device will yield to the expansions and the contractions of the concrete pavement blocks without great forces bein required to;act on said device.

What is claimed is.

1. A doweling .device for joints of road pavements, said device comprising a single plate to be arranged verticallyupon the foundation b d of the pavement, saidplate being formed with vertical slots starting at levels substantially spaced upwardly from the lower edge of the plate and opening throughthe upper edge of the plate to define bendable sections, the portions of said bendable sections extendin upwardly from points located above the lower ends of said slots being bent laterally lwith resp ect ,to the plane of said single plalteso as todefine anchoring plates, that portion of some of the bendable sections extending upwardly from the lower ends of said slots as far as said levels being bent outwardly at an upward inclination whereby the last mentioned portion and thereby the anchor plates on such bendable sections are laterally displaced out of the plane of said single plate.

2. A doweling device according to claim 1 wherein a pressure resisting plate is secured at the junction of the anchoring plates with the inclined portion of said bendable sections, said pressure resisting plate depending in spaced parallel relation to said single plate.

3. A doweling device accordin to claim 1 wherein a pressure resisting plate is secured at the junction of the anchoring plate and the inclined portion of said bendable sections, said pressure resisting plate depending in spaced parallel relation to said single plate, and being rup turable under expansion of the pavement.

4. A doweling device for joints of road pavements, said device comprising a single plate to be arranged vertically upon the foundation bed of the pavement, said plate being formed with vertical slots starting at levels substantially spaced upwardly from the lower edge of the lat and Opening through the upper edge of the plate to define bendable sections, the portions of said bendable sections extending upwardly from points located above the lower ends of said slots being bent laterally with respect to the plane of said single plate so as to define anchoring plates, metal plates secured to said single plate at points below the plane of some of the anchoring plates and extending to points above the plane of said anchoring plates, and a pulling iron removably associated with the portions of said metal plates extending above the plane of said anchoring plates.

5. A doweling device according to claim 1 wherein plate sections are secured to said single plate in closing relation to the openings in the single plate resulting from the lateral displace- 20 ment of the portion of the bendable plates below the anchoring plates.

ALEXANDER MUSALL. 

